Enhance Risk Response Vs Exploit Risk Response Strategies
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Enhance Risk Response Vs Exploit Risk Response Strategies

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

Risk management is a proactive process that helps you manage risks before they occur. In your project, you will encounter two types of risks: negative risks and positive risks. A negative risk could harm your objective and a positive risk can have some positive effects on your project.

Since these risks are different, the strategies to manage them are also different. You must manage both types of risks accordingly.

对于积极的风险，您将尝试增加发生的可能性和负面风险的可能性，您将尝试降低它们发生的可能性，或者如果确实发生了影响。

项目计划与项目管理计划
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项目计划与项目管理计划

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

几个月前，我参加了当地的PMI分会研讨会。当我与其他专业人员进行对话时，这个主题出现了：“项目计划和项目管理计划是否一样吗？”

This discussion led us to some interesting discoveries, which I am going to share, along with my research on the topic.

During our conversation, we concluded that there was no standard difference between the project plan and project management plan.

The organization you work for determines the difference. They may decide to stick with only one term, both terms may be used as synonyms of each other, or they can refer to different types of plans.

Product Scope vs Project Scope
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Product Scope vs Project Scope

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

进行项目以提供产品，服务或结果。如果您不了解项目范围和产品范围，将很难实现目标。在项目管理中，您会发现许多重要的概念对于用最小的障碍来完成您的项目至关重要。在这些术语和概念中，项目范围和产品范围脱颖而出。

Project scope depends entirely on the product scope. You must understand the product scope to define the project scope. These are the most important concepts in project management. I have noticed that many professionals incorrectly use these terms synonymously.

I saw a related question posted in a PMP forum a few days ago. Someone was asking for clarification on the differences between project scope and product scope. There were many replies, however some were incomplete, and a few of them were wrong. It seemed like the posters were more concerned with supporting their own opinions.

Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) & Organizational Process Assets (OPA)
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Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) & Organizational Process Assets (OPA)

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

Though the nature of a project is temporary, they are not performed in isolation. They work in a controlled environment and affected by Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) and Organizational Process Assets (OPA).

The Project Management Institute terms them as influences. Enterprise environmental factors can be internal or external, while organizational process assets are always internal to an organization.

Enterprise environmental factors and organizational process assets are widely discussed in the PMBOK Guide and are inputs of almost all processes. You must have a thorough understanding of these terms.

Although the concepts are straightforward, many PMP aspirants fail to understand them and often make mistakes on the exam.

What is a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)?
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What is a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)?

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

No one wants a defective product. Defects are costly, frustrating, and damaging to the company’s reputation.

As a project manager, you will try to avoid failure in your deliverable using every possible technique. One is “Failure Mode and Effect Analysis,” or FMEA. This helps you locate potential issues with a product and allows you to take corrective action.

The FMEA can improve your systems, design processes, and production processes.

This technique is also known as “Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis” (FMECA) or sometimes simply “failure modes.”

What is Six Sigma in Project Management?
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What is Six Sigma in Project Management?

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

六西格玛是一种用于减少缺陷和保持产品一致性的质量管理方法。

Six Sigma is mentioned in the PMBOK Guide and included in the PMP Exam Content Outline, so you will see questions on this topic on your exam.

I see that many PMP exam reference books do not discuss this methodology. This is an important concept and you should know it.

预期货币价值（EMV）：指南
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预期货币价值（EMV）：指南

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

预期货币价值（EMV）是风险管理的组成部分，用于执行定量风险分析过程。

This technique involves mathematical calculations, and that is why many PMP aspirants ignore this concept. This is an important concept and I would not recommend you avoid it. Read this blog post and follow the examples. I believe it will help you understand the concept.

This is a straightforward concept and involves basic calculations. Once you understand the concept, solving questions will be easy for you.

Monte Carlo Analysis in Project Management.
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Monte Carlo Analysis in Project Management.

经过法赫德Usmani, PMP

The Monte Carlo simulation is an important technique in risk management that many PMP and PMI-RMP exam study books do not describe in detail.

Most of the guides say it is a complex technique that requires a computer’s assistance, and so aspirants don’t dig further. This assumption is not true; it is a straightforward technique.

The Monte Carlo simulation is a quantitative risk analysis technique used in identifying the risk level of achieving objectives.